中華人民共和國對(duì)外關(guān)系法

（2023年6月28日第十四屆全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第三次會(huì)議通過）

第一條??為了發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，維護(hù)和發(fā)展人民利益，建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興，促進(jìn)世界和平與發(fā)展，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體，根據(jù)憲法，制定本法。

第二條??中華人民共和國發(fā)展同各國的外交關(guān)系和經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等各領(lǐng)域的交流與合作，發(fā)展同聯(lián)合國等國際組織的關(guān)系，適用本法。

第三條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀、習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系，促進(jìn)友好交往。

第四條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持互相尊重主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉內(nèi)政、平等互利、和平共處的五項(xiàng)原則。

中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持和平發(fā)展道路，堅(jiān)持對(duì)外開放基本國策，奉行互利共贏開放戰(zhàn)略。

中華人民共和國遵守聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則，維護(hù)世界和平與安全，促進(jìn)全球共同發(fā)展，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建新型國際關(guān)系；主張以和平方式解決國際爭端，反對(duì)在國際關(guān)系中使用武力或者以武力相威脅，反對(duì)霸權(quán)主義和強(qiáng)權(quán)政治；堅(jiān)持國家不分大小、強(qiáng)弱、貧富一律平等，尊重各國人民自主選擇的發(fā)展道路和社會(huì)制度。

第五條??中華人民共和國對(duì)外工作堅(jiān)持中國共產(chǎn)黨的集中統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

第六條??國家機(jī)關(guān)和武裝力量、各政黨和各人民團(tuán)體、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織和其他社會(huì)組織以及公民，在對(duì)外交流合作中有維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、尊嚴(yán)、榮譽(yù)、利益的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

第七條??國家鼓勵(lì)積極開展民間對(duì)外友好交流合作。

對(duì)在對(duì)外交流合作中做出突出貢獻(xiàn)者，按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定給予表彰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

第八條??任何組織和個(gè)人違反本法和有關(guān)法律，在對(duì)外交往中從事?lián)p害國家利益活動(dòng)的，依法追究法律責(zé)任。

第二章??對(duì)外關(guān)系的職權(quán)

第九條??中央外事工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)外工作的決策和議事協(xié)調(diào)，研究制定、指導(dǎo)實(shí)施國家對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略和有關(guān)重大方針政策，負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)外工作的頂層設(shè)計(jì)、統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)、整體推進(jìn)、督促落實(shí)。

第十條??全國人民代表大會(huì)及其常務(wù)委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)和廢除同外國締結(jié)的條約和重要協(xié)定，行使憲法和法律規(guī)定的對(duì)外關(guān)系職權(quán)。

全國人民代表大會(huì)及其常務(wù)委員會(huì)積極開展對(duì)外交往，加強(qiáng)同各國議會(huì)、國際和地區(qū)議會(huì)組織的交流與合作。

第十一條??中華人民共和國主席代表中華人民共和國，進(jìn)行國事活動(dòng)，行使憲法和法律規(guī)定的對(duì)外關(guān)系職權(quán)。

第十二條??國務(wù)院管理對(duì)外事務(wù)，同外國締結(jié)條約和協(xié)定，行使憲法和法律規(guī)定的對(duì)外關(guān)系職權(quán)。

第十三條??中央軍事委員會(huì)組織開展國際軍事交流與合作，行使憲法和法律規(guī)定的對(duì)外關(guān)系職權(quán)。

第十四條??中華人民共和國外交部依法辦理外交事務(wù)，承辦黨和國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人同外國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的外交往來事務(wù)。外交部加強(qiáng)對(duì)國家機(jī)關(guān)各部門、各地區(qū)對(duì)外交流合作的指導(dǎo)、協(xié)調(diào)、管理、服務(wù)。

中央和國家機(jī)關(guān)按照職責(zé)分工，開展對(duì)外交流合作。

第十五條??中華人民共和國駐外國的使館、領(lǐng)館以及常駐聯(lián)合國和其他政府間國際組織的代表團(tuán)等駐外外交機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)外代表中華人民共和國。

外交部統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)駐外外交機(jī)構(gòu)的工作。

第十六條??省、自治區(qū)、直轄市根據(jù)中央授權(quán)在特定范圍內(nèi)開展對(duì)外交流合作。

省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府依職權(quán)處理本行政區(qū)域的對(duì)外交流合作事務(wù)。

第三章??發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的目標(biāo)任務(wù)

第十七條??中華人民共和國發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系，堅(jiān)持維護(hù)中國特色社會(huì)主義制度，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、統(tǒng)一和領(lǐng)土完整，服務(wù)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展。

第十八條??中華人民共和國推動(dòng)踐行全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議，推進(jìn)全方位、多層次、寬領(lǐng)域、立體化的對(duì)外工作布局。

中華人民共和國促進(jìn)大國協(xié)調(diào)和良性互動(dòng)，按照親誠惠容理念和與鄰為善、以鄰為伴方針發(fā)展同周邊國家關(guān)系，秉持真實(shí)親誠理念和正確義利觀同發(fā)展中國家團(tuán)結(jié)合作，維護(hù)和踐行多邊主義，參與全球治理體系改革和建設(shè)。

第十九條??中華人民共和國維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系，維護(hù)以國際法為基礎(chǔ)的國際秩序，維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國憲章宗旨和原則為基礎(chǔ)的國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則。

中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持共商共建共享的全球治理觀，參與國際規(guī)則制定，推動(dòng)國際關(guān)系民主化，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化朝著開放、包容、普惠、平衡、共贏方向發(fā)展。

第二十條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的全球安全觀，加強(qiáng)國際安全合作，完善參與全球安全治理機(jī)制。

中華人民共和國履行聯(lián)合國安全理事會(huì)常任理事國責(zé)任，維護(hù)國際和平與安全，維護(hù)聯(lián)合國安全理事會(huì)權(quán)威與地位。

中華人民共和國支持和參與聯(lián)合國安全理事會(huì)授權(quán)的維持和平行動(dòng)，堅(jiān)持維持和平行動(dòng)基本原則，尊重主權(quán)國家領(lǐng)土完整與政治獨(dú)立，保持公平立場(chǎng)。

中華人民共和國維護(hù)國際軍備控制、裁軍與防擴(kuò)散體系，反對(duì)軍備競(jìng)賽，反對(duì)和禁止一切形式的大規(guī)模殺傷性武器相關(guān)擴(kuò)散活動(dòng)，履行相關(guān)國際義務(wù)，開展防擴(kuò)散國際合作。

第二十一條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持公平普惠、開放合作、全面協(xié)調(diào)、創(chuàng)新聯(lián)動(dòng)的全球發(fā)展觀，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和人的全面發(fā)展。

第二十二條??中華人民共和國尊重和保障人權(quán)，堅(jiān)持人權(quán)的普遍性原則同本國實(shí)際相結(jié)合，促進(jìn)人權(quán)全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，在平等和相互尊重的基礎(chǔ)上開展人權(quán)領(lǐng)域國際交流與合作，推動(dòng)國際人權(quán)事業(yè)健康發(fā)展。

第二十三條??中華人民共和國主張世界各國超越國家、民族、文化差異，弘揚(yáng)和平、發(fā)展、公平、正義、民主、自由的全人類共同價(jià)值。

第二十四條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持平等、互鑒、對(duì)話、包容的文明觀，尊重文明多樣性，推動(dòng)不同文明交流對(duì)話。

第二十五條??中華人民共和國積極參與全球環(huán)境氣候治理，加強(qiáng)綠色低碳國際合作，共謀全球生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建公平合理、合作共贏的全球環(huán)境氣候治理體系。

第二十六條??中華人民共和國堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)高水平對(duì)外開放，發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易，積極促進(jìn)和依法保護(hù)外商投資，鼓勵(lì)開展對(duì)外投資等對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，維護(hù)多邊貿(mào)易體制，反對(duì)單邊主義和保護(hù)主義，推動(dòng)建設(shè)開放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)。

第二十七條??中華人民共和國通過經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、物資、人才、管理等方式開展對(duì)外援助，促進(jìn)發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步，增強(qiáng)其自主可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力，推動(dòng)國際發(fā)展合作。

中華人民共和國開展國際人道主義合作和援助，加強(qiáng)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)國際合作，協(xié)助有關(guān)國家應(yīng)對(duì)人道主義緊急狀況。

中華人民共和國開展對(duì)外援助堅(jiān)持尊重他國主權(quán)，不干涉他國內(nèi)政，不附加任何政治條件。

第二十八條??中華人民共和國根據(jù)發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的需要，開展教育、科技、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育、社會(huì)、生態(tài)、軍事、安全、法治等領(lǐng)域交流合作。

第四章??對(duì)外關(guān)系的制度

第二十九條??國家統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)國內(nèi)法治和涉外法治，加強(qiáng)涉外領(lǐng)域立法，加強(qiáng)涉外法治體系建設(shè)。

第三十條??國家依照憲法和法律締結(jié)或者參加條約和協(xié)定，善意履行有關(guān)條約和協(xié)定規(guī)定的義務(wù)。

國家締結(jié)或者參加的條約和協(xié)定不得同憲法相抵觸。

第三十一條??國家采取適當(dāng)措施實(shí)施和適用條約和協(xié)定。

條約和協(xié)定的實(shí)施和適用不得損害國家主權(quán)、安全和社會(huì)公共利益。

第三十二條??國家在遵守國際法基本原則和國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則的基礎(chǔ)上，加強(qiáng)涉外領(lǐng)域法律法規(guī)的實(shí)施和適用，并依法采取執(zhí)法、司法等措施，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，保護(hù)中國公民、組織合法權(quán)益。

第三十三條??對(duì)于違反國際法和國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，危害中華人民共和國主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益的行為，中華人民共和國有權(quán)采取相應(yīng)反制和限制措施。

國務(wù)院及其部門制定必要的行政法規(guī)、部門規(guī)章，建立相應(yīng)工作制度和機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)部門協(xié)同配合，確定和實(shí)施有關(guān)反制和限制措施。

依據(jù)本條第一款、第二款作出的決定為最終決定。

第三十四條??中華人民共和國在一個(gè)中國原則基礎(chǔ)上，按照和平共處五項(xiàng)原則同世界各國建立和發(fā)展外交關(guān)系。

中華人民共和國根據(jù)締結(jié)或者參加的條約和協(xié)定、國際法基本原則和國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，有權(quán)采取變更或者終止外交、領(lǐng)事關(guān)系等必要外交行動(dòng)。

第三十五條??國家采取措施執(zhí)行聯(lián)合國安全理事會(huì)根據(jù)聯(lián)合國憲章第七章作出的具有約束力的制裁決議和相關(guān)措施。

對(duì)前款所述制裁決議和措施的執(zhí)行，由外交部發(fā)出通知并予公告。國家有關(guān)部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府在各自職權(quán)范圍內(nèi)采取措施予以執(zhí)行。

在中國境內(nèi)的組織和個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守外交部公告內(nèi)容和各部門、各地區(qū)有關(guān)措施，不得從事違反上述制裁決議和措施的行為。

第三十六條??中華人民共和國依據(jù)有關(guān)法律和締結(jié)或者參加的條約和協(xié)定，給予外國外交機(jī)構(gòu)、外國國家官員、國際組織及其官員相應(yīng)的特權(quán)與豁免。

中華人民共和國依據(jù)有關(guān)法律和締結(jié)或者參加的條約和協(xié)定，給予外國國家及其財(cái)產(chǎn)豁免。

第三十七條??國家依法采取必要措施，保護(hù)中國公民和組織在海外的安全和正當(dāng)權(quán)益，保護(hù)國家的海外利益不受威脅和侵害。

國家加強(qiáng)海外利益保護(hù)體系、工作機(jī)制和能力建設(shè)。

第三十八條??中華人民共和國依法保護(hù)在中國境內(nèi)的外國人和外國組織的合法權(quán)利和利益。

國家有權(quán)準(zhǔn)許或者拒絕外國人入境、停留居留，依法對(duì)外國組織在境內(nèi)的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行管理。

在中國境內(nèi)的外國人和外國組織應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守中國法律，不得危害中國國家安全、損害社會(huì)公共利益、破壞社會(huì)公共秩序。

第三十九條??中華人民共和國加強(qiáng)多邊雙邊法治對(duì)話，推進(jìn)對(duì)外法治交流合作。

中華人民共和國根據(jù)締結(jié)或者參加的條約和協(xié)定，或者按照平等互惠原則，同外國、國際組織在執(zhí)法、司法領(lǐng)域開展國際合作。

國家深化拓展對(duì)外執(zhí)法合作工作機(jī)制，完善司法協(xié)助體制機(jī)制，推進(jìn)執(zhí)法、司法領(lǐng)域國際合作。國家加強(qiáng)打擊跨國犯罪、反腐敗等國際合作。

第五章??發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的保障

第四十條??國家健全對(duì)外工作綜合保障體系，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系、維護(hù)國家利益的能力。

第四十一條??國家保障對(duì)外工作所需經(jīng)費(fèi)，建立與發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系需求和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)的經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制。

第四十二條??國家加強(qiáng)對(duì)外工作人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，采取措施推動(dòng)做好人才培養(yǎng)、使用、管理、服務(wù)、保障等工作。

第四十三條??國家通過多種形式促進(jìn)社會(huì)公眾理解和支持對(duì)外工作。

第四十四條??國家推進(jìn)國際傳播能力建設(shè)，推動(dòng)世界更好了解和認(rèn)識(shí)中國，促進(jìn)人類文明交流互鑒。

第六章??附????則

第四十五條??本法自2023年7月1日起施行。

The Law on Foreign Relations?of the People's Republic of China

(Adopted at the Third Meeting of the Standing Committee?of the 14th National People's Congress on June 28, 2023)

Table of Contents

Chapter I????General Principles

Chapter II????Functions and Powers for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Chapter III????Goals and Mission of Conducting Foreign Relations

Chapter IV???The System of Foreign Relations

Chapter V????Support for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Chapter VI??? Supplementary Provision

Chapter I

General Principles

Article 1? This Law is enacted pursuant to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China to conduct foreign relations to:

●?safeguard China's sovereignty, national security and development interests;
●?protect and promote the interests of the Chinese people;
●?build China into a great modernized socialist country;
●?realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation;?
●?promote world peace and development; and??
●?build a community with a shared future for mankind.

Article 2? This Law shall apply to the conduct by the People's Republic of China of diplomatic relations with other countries, its exchanges and cooperation with them in the economic, cultural and other areas, and its relations with the United Nations and other international organizations.

Article 3? The People's Republic of China conducts foreign relations and promotes friendly exchanges under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thinking of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

Article 4? The People's Republic of China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace, and observes the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, mutual non-interference in internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.

The People's Republic of China keeps to a path of peaceful development and adheres to the fundamental policy of opening to the outside world and a strategy of opening-up for mutual benefit.?

The People's Republic of China observes the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and endeavors to safeguard world peace and security, promote global common development, and build a new type of international relations. It is committed to settling international disputes by peaceful means and opposes the use of force or threat of force in international relations, hegemonism and power politics. It remains true to the principle that all countries are equal regardless of size, strength or level of development and respects the development paths and social systems decided upon independently by the people of all countries.

Article 5? The conduct of foreign relations by the People's Republic of China is under the centralized and overall leadership of the Communist Party of China.

Article 6? The State institutions, armed forces, political parties, people's organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other social organizations, and citizens have the responsibility and obligation to safeguard China's sovereignty, national security, dignity, honor and interests in the course of international exchanges and cooperation.

Article 7? The State encourages friendly people-to-people exchanges and cooperation with foreign countries.

Those who make outstanding contribution to international exchanges and cooperation shall be honored and awarded pursuant to applicable regulations of the State.

Article 8? Any organization or individual who commits acts that are detrimental to China's national interests in violation of this Law and other applicable laws in the course of engaging in international exchanges shall be held accountable by law.

Chapter II

Functions and Powers for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Article 9? The central leading body for foreign affairs is responsible for policy making, deliberation and coordination relating to the conduct of foreign relations. It considers and formulates the State's foreign relations strategy and related major principles and policies, and provides guidance for their implementation. It is responsible for top-level design, coordination and holistic advancement of work concerning foreign relations, and supervises its implementation.

Article 10? The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee ratify or denounce treaties and important agreements concluded with other countries, and exercise functions and powers relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other laws.?

The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee actively conduct international exchanges, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with parliaments of foreign countries as well as international and regional parliamentary organizations.

Article 11? The President of the People's Republic of China represents the People's Republic of China, conducts affairs of state, and exercises functions and powers relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other laws.

Article 12? The State Council manages foreign affairs, concludes treaties and agreements with foreign countries, and exercises functions and powers relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other laws.

Article 13? The Central Military Commission organizes and conducts international military exchanges and cooperation and exercises functions and powers relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other laws.

Article 14? The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China conducts foreign affairs in accordance with the law and undertakes matters relating to diplomatic exchanges of Party and State leaders with foreign leaders. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs enhances guidance, coordination, management and service for international exchanges and cooperation conducted by other government departments and localities.

Other central and government departments conduct international exchanges and cooperation according to their respective scope of responsibilities.

Article 15? Diplomatic missions of the People's Republic of China abroad, including embassies and consulates in foreign countries as well as permanent missions to the United Nations and other international intergovernmental organizations, represent the People's Republic of China abroad.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises overall leadership over the work of Chinese diplomatic missions abroad.

Article 16? Provinces, autonomous regions and cities directly under central government jurisdiction shall carry out international exchanges and cooperation within the specific scope of mandate authorized by the central authorities.

People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and cities directly under central government jurisdiction shall manage matters relating to international exchanges and cooperation in areas under their administration in accordance with their functions and powers.

Chapter III

Goals and Mission of Conducting Foreign Relations

Article 17? The People's Republic of China conducts foreign relations to uphold its system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, safeguard its sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity, and promote its economic and social development.

Article 18? The People's Republic of China calls for putting into action the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, and endeavors to advance a foreign affairs agenda on multiple fronts, at different levels, in various areas and of multiple dimensions.

The People's Republic of China works to promote coordination and sound interaction with other major countries and grow relations with its neighboring countries in accordance with the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and the policy of enhancing friendship and partnership with its neighbors. Guided by the principle of sincerity, delivering outcomes, affinity and good faith and the vision of promoting common good and shared interests, it works to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. The People's Republic of China upholds and practices multilateralism and participates in the reform and development of the global governance system.

Article 19? The People's Republic of China upholds the international system with the United Nations at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the fundamental norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.

The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of global governance featuring extensive consultation and joint contribution for shared benefits. It participates in the development of international rules, promotes democracy in international relations, and works for economic globalization that is more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.

Article 20? The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable global security, and endeavors to strengthen international security cooperation and its participation in mechanisms of global security governance.

The People's Republic of China fulfills its responsibilities as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council; it is committed to safeguarding international peace and security and upholding the authority and stature of the United Nations Security Council.

The People's Republic of China supports and participates in peacekeeping operations mandated by the United Nations Security Council, observes the basic principles of the peacekeeping operations, respects the territorial integrity and political independence of sovereign countries concerned, and maintains a position of fairness.

The People's Republic of China is committed to upholding international regimes of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation. It is against arms race; it opposes and prohibits proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in any form, fulfills relevant international obligations, and is engaged in international cooperation on non-proliferation.

Article 21? The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of global development which is equitable, inclusive, open, cooperative, comprehensive, well-coordinated, innovation-driven and interconnected. It endeavors to promote coordinated and sustainable development of the economy, the society and the environment and well-rounded human development.?

Article 22? The People's Republic of China respects and protects human rights; it is committed to the principle of universality of human rights and its observance in light of the realities of countries. The People's Republic of China promotes comprehensive and coordinated development of all human rights, carries out international exchanges and cooperation in the field of human rights on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and works for the sound development of the global cause of human rights.?

Article 23? The People's Republic of China calls on all countries to rise above national, ethnic and cultural differences and uphold peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom, which are common values of humanity.

Article 24? The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of equality, mutual learning, dialogue and inclusiveness among civilizations, respects diversity of civilizations, and promotes exchanges and dialogue among civilizations.

Article 25? The People's Republic of China plays an active part in global environmental and climate governance and endeavors to strengthen international cooperation on green and low-carbon development; it is committed to jointly enhancing global ecological conservation and building a global system of environmental and climate governance that is fair, equitable, cooperative and beneficial to all.

Article 26? The People's Republic of China is committed to advancing high-standard opening-up. It develops foreign trade, actively promotes and protects, in accordance with the law, inbound foreign investment, encourages external economic cooperation including outbound investment, and promotes high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. It is committed to upholding the multilateral trading system, opposes unilateralism and protectionism, and works to build an open global economy.

Article 27? The People's Republic of China provides foreign aid in the form of economic, technical, material, human resources, management, and other assistance to boost economic development and social advances of other developing countries, build up their capacity for sustainable development, and promote international development cooperation.

The People's Republic of China carries out international humanitarian cooperation and assistance, strengthens international cooperation on disaster prevention, mitigation and relief and helps recipient countries respond to humanitarian emergencies.

In providing foreign aid, the People's Republic of China respects the sovereignty of recipient countries and does not interfere in their internal affairs or attach any political conditions to its aid.

Article 28? The People's Republic of China carries out, as needed in the conduct of foreign relations, exchanges and cooperation in educational, science and technology, cultural, public health, sports, social, ecological, military, security, the rule of law and other fields.

Chapter IV

The System of Foreign Relations

Article 29? The State advances the rule of law in both domestic and foreign affairs and strengthens foreign-related legislative work and the system of rule of law in foreign affairs.

Article 30? The State concludes or accedes to treaties and agreements in accordance with the Constitution and other laws and fulfills in good faith obligations stipulated in such treaties and agreements.

Treaties and agreements that the State concludes or accedes to shall not contravene the Constitution.

Article 31? The State takes due measures to implement and apply treaties and agreements to which it is a Party.

The implementation and application of treaties and agreements shall not undermine the sovereignty of the State, national security and public interests.

Article 32? The State shall strengthen the implementation and application of its laws and regulations in foreign-related fields in conformity with the fundamental principles of international law and fundamental norms governing international relations. The State shall take law enforcement, judicial or other measures in accordance with the law to safeguard its sovereignty, national security and development interests and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens and organizations.

Article 33? The People's Republic of China has the right to take, as called for, measures to counter or take restrictive measures against acts that endanger its sovereignty, national security and development interests in violation of international law or fundamental norms governing international relations.

The State Council and its departments adopt administrative regulations and departmental rules as necessary, establish related working institutions and mechanisms, and strengthen inter-departmental coordination and cooperation to adopt and enforce measures mentioned in the preceding paragraph.

Decisions made pursuant to the first and second paragraphs of this Article are final.

Article 34? The People's Republic of China, on the basis of the one-China principle, establishes and develops diplomatic relations with other countries in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

The People's Republic of China, in accordance with treaties and agreements it concludes or accedes to as well as the fundamental principles of international law and fundamental norms governing international relations, may take diplomatic actions as necessary including changing or terminating diplomatic or consular relations with a foreign country.

Article 35? The State takes steps to implement sanction resolutions and relevant measures with binding force adopted by the United Nations Security Council in accordance with Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issues notices to release the sanction resolutions and measures mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The government departments concerned and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities directly under central government jurisdiction shall take actions to implement such sanction resolutions and measures within the scope of their respective functions and powers.

Organizations and individuals in the Chinese territory shall comply with the notices issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and related actions taken by government departments and localities, and shall not engage in any activity in violation of the above-mentioned sanction resolutions and measures.

Article 36? The People's Republic of China confers privileges and immunities to diplomatic institutions and officials of other countries, and to international organizations and their officials in accordance with relevant laws as well as treaties and agreements it concludes or accedes to.

The People's Republic of China confers immunities to foreign states and their properties in accordance with relevant laws as well as treaties and agreements it concludes or accedes to.

Article 37? The State shall take measures as necessary in accordance with the law to protect the safety, security, and legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens and organizations overseas and safeguard China's overseas interests against any threat or infringement.

The State shall strengthen the systems and working mechanisms and build the capacity to protect its overseas interests.

Article 38? The People's Republic of China protects the lawful rights and interests of foreign nationals and foreign organizations in its territory in accordance with the law.

The State has the power to permit or deny a foreign national entry, stay or residence in its territory, and regulates, in accordance with the law, activities carried out in its territory by foreign organizations.

Foreign nationals and foreign organizations in the territory of China shall abide by its laws, and shall not endanger China's national security, undermine social and public interests or disrupt social and public order.

Article 39? The People's Republic of China strengthens multilateral and bilateral dialogue on the rule of law and promotes international exchanges and cooperation on the rule of law.

The People's Republic of China shall engage in international cooperation in law enforcement and judicial fields with other countries and international organizations in accordance with treaties and agreements it concludes or accedes to or in line with the principles of equality and reciprocity.?

The State strengthens and expands its working mechanisms for international cooperation in law enforcement, improves its systems and mechanisms for judicial assistance, and promotes international cooperation in law enforcement and judicial fields. The State strengthens international cooperation in areas such as combating transnational crimes and corruption.

Chapter V

Support for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Article 40? The State shall improve its system of integrated support for conducting foreign relations and strengthen its capacity to conduct foreign relations and safeguard national interests.

Article 41? The State shall provide funding required for conducting foreign relations and establish a funding mechanism that meets the need of conducting foreign relations and is commensurate with China's economic development.

Article 42? The State shall strengthen capacity building of personnel working in foreign relations and take effective steps in related work such as training, employment, management, service and support.

Article 43? The State shall promote public understanding of and support for its conduct of foreign relations through various forms.

Article 44? The State shall strengthen capacity building for international communication, enable the world to learn more about and better understand China, and promote exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations.

Chapter VI

Supplementary Provision

Article 45? This Law shall come into force on July 1, 2023.